JM2

History of St Mary’s Church, Purley – Section 19

The Bells

 

Introduction

Purley has a ring of six bells  For most of the 20th century they were used only sparingly and tolled individually, mainly for funerals but occasionally for other services. For the Millennium the bells were restored and rehung and are now regularly rung by a small band of dedicated bell ringers. To get to them you must climb two steep ladders to the bell chamber which is nearly thirteen foot square with louvres to let out the sound instead of windows.

 

The bells are arranged in two rows running North-South. The westerly row contains 2nd, 3rd 4th and 5th bells with their wheels oriented east-west, the easterly row has two bells, the tenor and the treble, with their wheels oriented north-south.

 

Originally the ring had been of five bells only, second to tenor, all cast by Elles and Francis Knight in the early 17th century. The oak bell frame was made at the same time but used some second hand timbers believed salvaged from an earlier frame. It consists of heads, cills, king posts and two sets of braces, one of which is morticed to the king post and cills, the other to the heads and cills.

 

In 1787 the fourth had become cracked and was recast. At the same time a new treble was made to bring the ring up to six bells. To do this an extra pit had to be made in the bell frame. The only space left was directly above the trap door making entry to the bell chamber very difficult. The new frame was poorly designed without a proper side section.

 

Details

 

Bell

Weight

Diameter

Circumference

Wheel orientation

 

Cwt-qr-lb

cm

cm

 

Treble

3-2-0

68

120

N-S /W

Second

4-1-0

70

126

E-W /S

Third

5-0-0

73

135

E-W /S

Fourth

5-3-0

77

138

E-W /S

Fifth

6-3-0

86

149

E-W /N

Tenor

8-2-0

92

165

N-S /W

 

 

Circumference measured at shoulder, diameter at mouth of bell

 

The Treble Bell

The treble bell is inscribed ‘THE GIFT OF IOHN GEORGE LIBENROOD of the Parish of PURLEY ESQr. IOHN SHERWOOD: Church Warden : * Thos Janaway fecit: C C ANNO DOMINI 1788 C’. It is a maiden bell cast by Thomas Janaway of Chelsea and is located immediately above the trap door leading from the second stage of the tower.

The Second Bell

The second bell is inscribed ‘PRAYES YE THE LORD X635’ It is a maiden bell cast by Ellis Knight of Reading. It is located in the north west corner of the belfry with its wheel to the south.

The Third Bell

The third bell is inscribed ‘PRAYES YE THE LORD X629’ It was cast by Ellis Knight of Reading and is located in the west row (centre north) of the belfry with its wheel to the south.

The Fourth Bell

The fourth bell is inscribed ‘PRAYES YE THE LORD X627’ It is a square shouldered bell cast by Ellis Knight of Reading. It is located in the west row (centre south) of the belfry with its wheel to the south.

The Fifth Bell

The fifth bell is inscribed ‘THIS BELL WAS RECAST ANNO DOMINI 1787 JOHN SHERWOOD Churchwarden :::: Thomas Janaway fecit *' It was recast by Thomas Janaway of Chelsea and was probably the replacement for the bell reported by the churchwardens as cracked in 1731. It has lost its canons. It is located in the south-west corner of the belfry with its wheel to the north.

The Tenor Bell

The tenor is inscribed ‘LORD GRANDESONN X629 O-S’ It is a square shouldered bell cast by Ellis Knight of Reading. Lord Grandison was probably the donor of this bell. It is located in the south-east corner of the belfry with its wheel to the west. It is tuned to A.

 

The Bell Founders

Ellis and Frances Knight were two brothers from a family of bell founders who worked in Reading from the mid 16th Century until around 1710.

 

Later History

The bells were regarded as unsafe to ring in the early 1900s when the then rector refused to allow them rung for the wedding of Mrs Fullerton’s daughter. They had apparently been restored by around 1920 as Purley had become members of the Diocesan Guild of Church Bell Ringers and several certificates of membership survive from the 1920s. The last time anyone remembers them being rung for services is just before the Second World War, but even then they were prone to come loose from their mountings. It was of course forbidden to ring them for most of the war period.

 

In 1965 there was a proposal by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry to build a new bell frame and re-tune the bells which were said to be very much out of tune. The bells were inspected by William Hughes representing the foundry in July 1965. He found them sound but not of good tonal quality or well in tune. They were indented where the clappers had struck and he recommended new ones should be fitted. The 18th century fittings were in a decayed and derelict condition. The early 17th century bell frame was poorly made and badly infested. An estimate was made of £1487 to put things to rights but the PCC took no action.

 

The report and proposal signed by a Mr Sharpe was hotly contested by Geoffrey Dodd of the Winchester and Portsmouth Diocesan Guild of Bell Ringers. He reported that on 12th May 1965 he and a team of ringers inspected the bells, made minor adjustments and rang a plain course of Bob Major (60 changes); then 120 changes of Grandsire Doubles; finishing up with a plain course of Cambridge Surprise Minor. He offered to bring a team to Purley to ring a full peal taking two and three quarter hours, to demonstrate that the bearings were sound and not square as the report had suggested. His estimate was that the cost of re-hanging would be only £850.

 

Next year, 1966, a suggestion was made by J A Unwin to install electronic bells with a loud speaker and a tape recorder. An alternative scheme was for the bells to have electronically operated clappers, to turn the ring into what would amount to a carillon. Neither idea was taken up.

The tower and bells were inspected again in 1978 by Stanley Scott for the Oxford Diocesan Guild of Church Bell Ringers. He noted that the oak bell frame probably dates from the 17th century and had been cut away severely in several places to allow bell clearance. Only the fifth bell was ringable and that only partially. Also there was evidence of woodworm and beetle infestation. The amount of work that would need to be done to restore the bells to full working order was so great that it was not felt practical to go ahead, especially as money was urgently needed for the new extension.

 

The matter was reconsidered in 1986 but essentially the same conclusion was reached although it was also pointed out that removal of the bells was by now virtually impossible since the font had been relocated on the ground floor of the tower and the clock mechanism also provided an effective barrier. Thus the suggestion to remove and sell the bells was not a practical proposition.

 

Ringing in the Millennium

When it came to see what the church would do to celebrate the millennium the idea of restoring the bells to working order was reconsidered. The old doubts and the reasons had not gone away but this time there a determination not to be put off by minor difficulties. Consultants were brought in who came up with a scheme to rehang the bells in the space occupied by the clock mechanism and move the font a few feet eastwards into the nave.

 

The bells were taken away to the foundry at Whitechapel and refurbished and a new bell frame of steel constructed in the middle chamber. A team of bell ringers was recruited who were able to practice at Pangbourne under the leadership of bell captain Simon Robertson. Once the work was completed it was possible to try out the new bells and everyone was very pleased with the tone and quality of the sound. In order not to discomfort the neighbours too much the vents in the towers were partly restricted in order to confine the sound.

 

All was ready to ring in the New Year at both midnight on the 31st December 1999 and at noon on January 1st 2000.

 

The new bells have proved an irresistible magnet for bell ringers all over the country who have been queuing up to have a go at ringing at Purley which none had been able to check off on their ringing lists before.

 

 

 

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JM2 28/3/2008